Overview
The high-efficiency horizontal flow flotation machine is a widely used and highly effective equipment in the field of water treatment. It is mainly used to treat various types of sewage, industrial wastewater, and polluted water bodies. Through its unique flotation principle, it can efficiently separate impurities such as suspended solids, grease, colloids, and some dissolved organic substances in water, effectively improving water quality to meet the corresponding discharge standards or reuse standards. It plays a crucial role in the water treatment processes of numerous industries such as papermaking, printing and dyeing, chemical engineering, food processing, and electroplating.
Working Principle
I. Water Inlet and Chemical Addition Process:
The sewage to be treated first enters the inlet end of the high-efficiency horizontal flow flotation machine through the inlet pipe. At the same time, according to the nature of the sewage and the situation of the impurities it contains, appropriate amounts of flocculants, coagulants and other chemicals will be added. These chemicals can make the originally fine and dispersed impurity particles in the water aggregate and form clusters, facilitating subsequent separation operations.
II. Dissolved Air Release and Flotation Process:
The sewage treated with chemicals will flow into the flotation area. In this area, a large number of tiny bubbles are released from the dissolved air water prepared in advance by the dissolved air system through the release device. These tiny bubbles will evenly attach to the surfaces of the impurity particles that have already aggregated and become larger. Due to the buoyancy of the bubbles, the bubbles carrying the impurity particles will slowly float up to the water surface, forming a scum layer, while the water purified by flotation remains in the lower area of the flotation machine.
III. Scum Scraping and Water Outlet Process:
When the scum layer accumulates to a certain thickness, the scum scraping device equipped on the flotation machine will slowly scrape off the scum and collect it into a special slag discharge container for proper treatment later. Meanwhile, the relatively clear water obtained after flotation treatment will flow out from the water outlet of the flotation machine. Depending on the actual needs, it can be directly discharged or further treated deeply for reuse.
IV. Circulation and Maintenance:
During the operation of the flotation machine, the dissolved air system needs to work continuously in a circulating manner. Part of the treated water will be subjected to re-dissolved air treatment to ensure that there is always dissolved air water available for releasing bubbles. In terms of daily maintenance, it is necessary to regularly check the operating conditions of various components of the equipment, such as whether the dissolved air pump, release device, and scum scraping device are working normally. Attention should also be paid to the cleanliness inside the flotation machine to prevent the accumulation of impurities from affecting the flotation effect, and timely replace some consumable parts.
Performance Characteristics
I. Efficient Separation Ability:
It has excellent separation effects on impurities of different particle sizes and properties in water, especially for those tiny suspended solids, grease substances and colloids that are difficult to remove by natural sedimentation or conventional filtration. It can remove a large amount of impurities in a short time, greatly improving the efficiency of water treatment and rapidly and significantly improving water quality.
II. Stable and Reliable Operation:
Its overall structural design is reasonable. Key components such as the dissolved air system and the scum scraping device have been verified through long-term practice and have high stability and reliability. Under normal working conditions, it can operate stably for a long time without easily breaking down, reducing the downtime for maintenance caused by equipment problems and ensuring the continuity of water treatment work.
III. Strong Adaptability:
It can handle various types of sewage with different pollution levels. Whether it is wastewater containing complex organic substances in the chemical production process, wastewater with a large amount of grease in the food processing industry, or wastewater containing a large amount of dyes in the printing and dyeing industry, as long as the amount of chemicals added and the process parameters are adjusted appropriately, effective flotation treatment can be achieved, and its application range is very wide.
IV. Small Footprint:
Adopting a horizontal flow structural design, compared with some other structural forms of flotation machines, the high-efficiency horizontal flow flotation machine usually occupies a smaller area under the condition of the same treatment capacity. It is easier to install and arrange in sites with limited space. For some industrial plants where land is precious or urban sewage treatment stations, this is a very important advantage.
V. Simple Operation and Controllable Cost:
The operation interface of the equipment is clear and easy to understand. Operators can master the basic operation processes such as water inlet control, chemical addition, and scum scraping operation after simple training. In terms of operating costs, although it needs to consume a certain amount of electricity for the operation of the dissolved air system and other aspects as well as the cost of chemicals, the overall cost is relatively reasonable. Through reasonable equipment configuration and optimization of operating parameters, the cost can be further reduced to achieve good economic benefits.
Structural Components
I. Tank:
The tank is generally made of carbon steel, stainless steel and other materials and formed through welding, assembly and other processes. It has good sealing performance and strength, which can effectively prevent sewage leakage, and can also bear the weight of the internal water body and scum, and resist certain external pressures. The shape of the tank is mostly rectangular, and its interior is divided into different functional areas such as the water inlet area, the flotation area, and the water outlet area. These areas are interconnected and each has its own functions, jointly ensuring the smooth progress of the flotation treatment process.
II. Dissolved Air System:
The dissolved air system is the core part of the flotation machine for realizing the flotation function. It is mainly composed of components such as a dissolved air pump, a dissolved air tank, an air compressor, and a release device. The dissolved air pump pumps part of the treated water into the dissolved air tank. At the same time, the air compressor injects air into the dissolved air tank. Under certain pressure and conditions, the air is fully dissolved in the water to form dissolved air water, and then the dissolved air water is released into the flotation area through the release device to generate a large number of tiny bubbles, providing the necessary conditions for flotation separation.
III. Scum Scraping Device:
The scum scraping device is installed on the upper part of the flotation machine and is used to scrape and collect the scum layer formed during the flotation process. Common scum scraping devices include chain-type scum scrapers and traveling-type scum scrapers. They perform scum scraping operations according to the set frequency and trajectory through mechanical transmission, smoothly scraping the scum to the slag discharge port to ensure that the scum can be cleared in a timely and effective manner and avoid the accumulation of scum affecting the flotation effect and equipment operation.
IV. Water Inlet and Outlet System:
The water inlet system includes the inlet pipe, valves and corresponding flow regulating devices, etc., which are responsible for accurately and stably introducing sewage into the flotation machine. The water outlet system is composed of the water outlet, the drainage pipe and the possible water quality monitoring device, etc., which is used to discharge the clean water after flotation treatment and can monitor the water quality of the effluent in real time, so as to timely grasp the treatment effect and adjust the operating parameters of the equipment.
Application Cases
I. Papermaking Industry:
A large amount of wastewater containing fiber suspended solids, chemical agent residues and some dissolved organic substances is generated during the papermaking process. The high-efficiency horizontal flow flotation machine can quickly aggregate and separate the fiber and other impurities in the wastewater by adding appropriate flocculants, effectively removing the suspended solids and organic substances in the water, reducing the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) value of the wastewater, so that the treated wastewater can meet the internal reuse standards or discharge standards of the papermaking plant, realizing the recycling of water resources and reducing environmental pollution.
II. Printing and Dyeing Industry:
Printing and dyeing wastewater usually contains a large amount of dyes, auxiliaries and suspended solids, etc. It has a deep color and complex composition, and is difficult to treat. The high-efficiency horizontal flow flotation machine can use the flotation principle to separate dye molecules and other impurities from water. After treatment, the chromaticity and pollutant content of the wastewater are significantly reduced to meet the corresponding environmental protection discharge requirements, solving the wastewater treatment problem for printing and dyeing enterprises, ensuring the normal production and operation of enterprises and meeting the requirements of environmental protection regulations.
III. Chemical Industry:
The wastewater discharged from chemical production often contains complex pollutants such as various organic compounds, heavy metal ions and suspended particles. The high-efficiency horizontal flow flotation machine, combined with targeted chemical treatment, can effectively pre-treat these wastewaters, remove most of the suspended solids and some dissolved organic substances, reduce the burden of subsequent advanced treatment processes, improve the efficiency of the entire chemical wastewater treatment system, reduce treatment costs, and also help to reduce harm to the environment.
IV. Food Processing Industry:
The wastewater generated by the food processing industry is rich in impurities such as grease, protein and suspended solids. The high-efficiency horizontal flow flotation machine can quickly remove the grease substances in the wastewater. Through flotation separation, they float on the water surface to form scum and are scraped off, greatly reducing the pollutant content in the wastewater, making it easier for the wastewater to be further purified by other treatment processes later to meet the discharge standards or be reused, achieving the dual goals of resource conservation and environmental protection.
In conclusion, the high-efficiency horizontal flow flotation machine plays an indispensable role in the water treatment of many industries by virtue of its unique flotation principle, excellent performance characteristics and wide applicability. It is an important equipment for improving water quality, protecting the environment and realizing the sustainable utilization of water resources. With the continuous development of water treatment technology and the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, its application prospects will be even broader and its functions are expected to be further optimized and upgraded.
