Processing oil types
1.mineral oil
Transformer oil: Transformer oil has extremely high requirements for water and gas content. During the operation of transformers, moisture can reduce the insulation performance of oil, leading to discharge phenomena, while gas may form bubbles, affecting heat dissipation and insulation. Before injecting new oil into the transformer, it is usually required that the water content be below 10-30ppm and the gas content be between 0.1% -1%. Therefore, the dehydration and degassing system of the vacuum oil filter for transformer oil treatment is crucial. An efficient vacuum system can achieve a vacuum degree of around -0.08MPa to -0.095MPa in order to effectively remove moisture and gases. For example, in the maintenance of transformers in large substations, using this high vacuum oil filter can reduce the water content in the used transformer oil from a high level to a qualified range, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the transformer.
Lubricating oil: Lubricating oil is mainly used to reduce friction and wear between mechanical components. During use, impurities such as metal shavings, dust, and oxidation products may be mixed in. These impurity particles vary in size, ranging from a few micrometers to visible to the naked eye. The key to filtering lubricating oil is to remove mechanical impurities and oxidation products to protect the equipment. For example, in car engines, impurities in lubricating oil can accelerate the wear of engine components. Therefore, vacuum oil filters that filter lubricating oil need to have high filtration accuracy, generally reaching a filtration accuracy of 1-5 μ m, in order to effectively intercept small impurities and extend the service life of the equipment.
2.vegetable oil
Plant oils such as rapeseed oil and peanut oil may contain impurities such as plant residues and phospholipids during processing. These impurities can affect the quality and shelf life of vegetable oil. Moreover, vegetable oil is thermosensitive and prone to oxidation and deterioration at high temperatures. For example, during the refining process of edible oil, excessive temperature can cause the color of the oil to darken and nutrients to be lost. Therefore, vacuum oil filters used for vegetable oil filtration should focus on their ability to remove gum and impurities, and require filter cartridges with fine filtration functions. At the same time, oil filters with temperature control devices are more suitable, and their working temperature can be controlled at around 40-60 ℃, which can effectively remove impurities and ensure the quality of vegetable oil.
3.Synthetic oil
Synthetic oils such as poly (alpha olefin) (PAO) synthetic oils, ester synthetic oils, etc. are high-performance oils prepared by chemical synthesis methods. They are relatively expensive and have excellent oxidation resistance, low-temperature flowability, and wear resistance. When filtering synthetic oil, it is important to ensure that the oil filter does not have any adverse effects on the chemical structure and properties of the oil. Because synthetic oil is sensitive to acidity and alkalinity, the material of the oil filter cannot undergo chemical reactions with the oil, and the compatibility of the filter medium is good. For example, synthetic lubricants used in the aerospace industry have extremely high quality requirements, with a requirement for cleanliness that may reach a filtration accuracy of 0.1-1 μ m, in order to ensure reliable operation of equipment in extreme environments.
Processing capacity requirements
1.Small processing capacity (1-10L/min)
This processing capacity is suitable for oil change of small equipment or laboratory oil treatment. In small motors, precision instruments, and other equipment, the amount of lubricating oil used is relatively small. For example, the cooling fan motor in small electronic devices usually requires less lubricant replacement. In a laboratory environment, researchers may need to purify a small amount of oil before performance testing. For this situation, a small vacuum oil filter is a suitable choice. They are small in size and easy to move, usually using a simple combination of filtration and degassing, such as using a single-stage vacuum pump and a small filter, which can meet the processing needs of small amounts of oil.
2.Medium processing capacity (10-100L/min)
Medium sized industrial equipment and some small oil depots typically require a medium capacity vacuum oil filter for oil processing. Taking medium-sized transformers as an example, they have a large oil capacity and require a certain processing speed during oil change and maintenance. In small-scale lubricant blending workshops, it is also necessary to filter the oil to ensure quality. This type of vacuum oil filter generally has a complex filtration system, which may include multi-stage filtration, capable of removing impurities of different sizes. At the same time, a strong vacuum dehydration and degassing device will be equipped to meet relatively large processing requirements. For example, in a substation with several medium-sized transformers, using a medium capacity vacuum oil filter can complete the replacement and purification of transformer oil in a reasonable time.
3.Large processing capacity (above 100L/min)
The centralized processing of oil products in large oil depots, large power transformer groups, and large industrial production facilities requires large processing capacity vacuum oil filters. In large refineries, large-scale filtration of refined oil products is a crucial step. For example, processing thousands or even more liters of diesel, gasoline, and other fuels every day. In large power plants, numerous transformer oils also require centralized purification. This type of large-scale vacuum oil filter often has an efficient vacuum pump system that can achieve continuous and stable high flow filtration. Moreover, for the convenience of operation and monitoring, advanced automation control systems are usually equipped, and operators can remotely monitor the working status, processing capacity, oil quality parameters, and other information of the oil filter.
Filtering accuracy requirements
1.Coarse filtration (greater than 10 μ m)
Coarse filtration is mainly used for the initial removal of large impurities in oil products, such as rust, metal shavings, sediment, etc. These large particulate impurities are relatively easy to detect and remove in oil products. In some situations where the cleanliness requirements for oil products are not particularly high, this filtration accuracy is sufficient. For example, in some simple mechanical lubrication systems, such as the lubrication of manual tools, as long as it can prevent large particles from entering the equipment and causing blockage or damage, it is sufficient. Coarse filtration can use relatively simple filtering media such as filters, which can quickly and effectively intercept larger particles of impurities.
2.Medium filtration (1-10 μ m)
Medium filtration can remove most of the small impurities in oil, including some particles and oxidation products generated by wear and tear. In many industrial equipment, this filtering accuracy is commonly used. For example, in hydraulic systems, small impurities in hydraulic oil may cause problems such as valve blockage and cylinder wear. For hydraulic systems, small and medium-sized transformers, and other equipment that require high cleanliness, medium filtration accuracy can effectively ensure the normal operation of the equipment and reduce the probability of failure. This type of filtration accuracy usually requires the use of finer filtering media, such as fiber filters.
3.Fine filtration (less than 1 μ m)
Fine filtration is used in situations where high quality oil is required. In the lubrication of high-precision instruments and equipment, such as semiconductor manufacturing equipment, optical instruments, etc., even small impurities may affect the accuracy and performance of the equipment. Ultra high voltage power transformers also have very high requirements for the purity of transformer oil, as impurities may cause a decrease in insulation performance and lead to safety accidents. Fine filtration can remove almost all small impurities and colloidal substances, ensuring the purity of oil products, extending the service life of equipment, and improving the performance and reliability of equipment. This type of filtration accuracy requires the use of high-precision filtering materials, such as membrane filters, which can effectively intercept small particles and colloids.
The working environment of the equipment
1.indoor environment
When the vacuum oil filter operates indoors, the space is relatively limited, and the size and noise level of the equipment are important factors to consider. In indoor places such as factory workshops and laboratories, the space may be relatively cramped. For example, in a small laboratory, if the volume of the oil filter is too large, it will occupy too much space and affect the placement and operation of other experimental equipment. Moreover, noise can cause interference to indoor workers, and it is generally required that the noise level be controlled below 70-80dB. In addition, indoor ventilation conditions are also important because some oil filters generate heat during operation. If the ventilation is poor, heat accumulation may affect the performance and service life of the equipment, so good ventilation is helpful for the normal operation of the equipment.
2.Outdoor environment
For vacuum oil filters working outdoors, waterproof, dustproof, and sun protection capabilities are key. At oil extraction sites, outdoor substations, and other places, oil filters may be exposed to various harsh natural environments. The equipment casing should be made of waterproof and dustproof materials, such as stainless steel or metal materials with protective coatings, to prevent rainwater, dust, etc. from entering the interior of the equipment. For example, in outdoor substations in desert areas, sand and dust can cause serious damage to equipment, and waterproof and dustproof enclosures can effectively protect oil filters. Meanwhile, prolonged exposure to sunlight can cause aging or performance degradation of equipment components, so sun protection measures such as sunshades are necessary. In addition, it is necessary to consider the adaptability of the equipment in different temperature environments. In cold regions, it may be necessary to prevent the liquid in the equipment from freezing, which may require insulation or special antifreeze measures.
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